Definition and Examples of Language Planning

Law for Manager Essay

The association demonstration 1890 oversees the relationship of the people and the outside world. What's more, in regard of disintegration; if there is no organization understanding, the association demonstration set out the rights and obligations of the accomplices. Such rights and obligations (by act or understanding) might be changes by the assent all things considered. (S 19). ‘The connection which stays alive between people carrying on a business in the same manner as a view to benefit. ’ Under S24 (5) ‘in common’ implies each accomplice has a state in the firm. The individuals are just subject for their membership except if the organization understanding says something else. Saywell V Rope [1979] the spouses are not in the association as no proof proposed. ‘Person’ incorporates an enterprise just as people. Organizations can enter association. ‘With a view to profit’ implies certain associations are rejected. E. g. club or society has no view to benefit. Pitreavie Golf Club V Penman [1934] loan boss sue under association, held, Club’s inspiration was to permit part to play not share in benefit. ‘Business’ incorporated each exchange, occupation and calling. Keith Spicer Ltd V Mansell [1970] Claimant sue the organization for obligation possessed, held, there were no association so guarantee fizzled. Since def carrying on business with no view to benefit. It is essential to decide if an organization exists. For charge reason. When acting throughout business, the organization will tie different accomplices to pariahs. S. 24 option to partake in benefit, the executives, obligations and confidence since the course of action is uberrimae fidei. S. 35 disintegration. In the event that not acting in accordance with some basic honesty, at that point the court can break down the organization. S. 28 obligation to uncover, attach to render genuine record of everything influencing the association to any accomplices or their lawful delegates. Law V Law [1905] †After the business understanding there is an association resource that was not escaped the record. However, W had lost the option to keep away from the agreement as he takes the cash while realizing revelation had not made. Held: the consent to sell shares is avoidable. The agreement might be verbally, composed or in deed. Fundamental: An organization isn't an organization since it isn't joined; in this way it has no lawful character separate from its individuals. Organization might be inferred by direct where a ‘person holds himself out’ just like an accomplice. At that point he will be subject for the obligation brought about S. 4 Under the Rules of the Supreme Court 1965, the accomplices might be sued in the firm’s name. In KHAN and OTHERS V MIAH and OTHERS [2000] HL affirmed that association starts at the purpose of understanding, not the moment that the exchanging begins. S. 5 each accomplice is a specialist for the firm, has the ability to tie the firm by his lead. The accomplice is operator to the extent he’s following up on the firm’s common exercises. Trade Credit Co V Garrod [1962] †G was resting accomplice and association understanding precluded the offer of vehicles which P did. Held: G was limited by contract by excellence of S. making the agreement was the doing of a ‘act for carrying on in the standard way business kind carried on by the firm. ’ S 29 (1) each accomplice must record to the firm for any advantage made by him from any exchange concerning the organization, it property, name or business association. Bentley V Craven [1853] C brought items at low cost yet offer them to the firm at discount rate. Held: C can’t hold the benefit from these exchange and benefit need to hand to the organizations. C had utilized association resource, his situation to make benefit. No individual might be presenting as an accomplice without the assent all things considered. Assent is inferred by the other accomplice when they sign the article. Any unique concerning the running of the business, it must be settled by a larger part vote of the accomplices. In the event that a major change is proposed, requires assent everything being equal. S. 9 each accomplice is subject mutually with the other accomplice for all obligations and commitment of the firm. The common obligation Act 1978 given that judgment recuperated against any individual at risk mutually with another, will not be an activity brought against the other. Business name. The firm’s name can’t be utilized to falsely infer that the business is indistinguishable with another business. A person’s business endures in a similar name/comparable name may bring a ‘passing off’ activity and acquire a directive halting the respondent. ANNABEL’S (BERKELEY SQUARE) Ltd . VG. SCHOEK[1972] S. 30 If any accomplice without the assent of the others, carries on business of a similar sort as and rivaling that of the firm, he should represent and pay over all benefits made in that business. Without any consent in actuality, an accomplice can conveying a non-contending business which doesn't include the utilization of the firm’s property. Croft V Day [1843] Mr Day utilizes a similar exchange name as the other in a similar road. Held: the order was allowed keeping the new firm from exchanging under the name Day and Martin, the goal of the new firm was to mislead people in general. Under S. 34 it is a c riminal offense for an association to utilize the word ‘limited or ‘ltd’ in its name. Organization understanding terms: Name of accomplices; Date on the beginning and end of the association; How benefit and misfortune being shared; How much may each accomplice draw month to month; At which bank the accomplice keep up its record; Principal resource; Submission of debates to intervention; The organization depends on understanding and they are allowed to adjust them. S. 9 state the choice might be made consistently; an organization can’t be shaped for an unlawful reason. Sorts of association: 1) General accomplice takes dynamic job in the day by day the board and has share in the misfortune and benefit. 2) Sleeping accomplice contributes capital, take share in benefit and subject for obligation. Be that as it may, he doesn't partake in day by day the board. 3) An accomplice by holding out is definitely not a genuine accomplice in the firm. He’s at risk for budgetary commitment of the firm. MARTYN V GRAY [1863] Under S. 14 an individual can get at risk for obligation on the off chance that he by word or lead speak to or other to speak to that he’s an accomplice. E. g. his name on the firm’ letter. ) Salaried accomplice is a worker becomes ‘holding out’, he got pay and reward relies upon the benefit. The 1890 Act doesn't manage them. 4) LLP is a part under the LLP Act 2000. Change of accomplices. The passing of the accomplice may break up the organization, however the understanding ought to permit the association proce ed between different accomplices. On the demise of the accomplice, the domain isn't at risk for obligations brought about after his passing, regardless of whether the loan boss was uninformed of his passing. S 17 (1) New accomplices are not at risk for obligations before they joint the association. The option to sue another accomplice might be obtained by novation. Where an understanding between the lender; the new understanding and the old firm is made, and the first agreement is in this way released, and the new firm is tolerating the risk for the obligation. Byrne V Reid [1902] the inquirer can present his child as accomplice when they are 21, held, other accomplice couldn't deny on the grounds that this is design in the association understanding. The retirement of an accomplice: S. 17(2) He might be released from any current obligation by understanding (novation) between him, the firm and the loan bosses. Loan bosses are not power to acknowledge novation may even now see the resigning accomplice as at risk for obligation. The resigning accomplice can get pay from the other accomplice. Under S. 36, the resigning accomplice will be obligated for obligation if: 1)To individual managed before his retirement except if given composed notification that he’s not, at this point an accomplice or 2)To individual who had no past managing the firm previously however know the arrangement before retirement. Except if the retirement individual has pulled out or had promoted in the London Gazette. Such notification is viable without assent. Risk for wrongs: 1)S 10 gives that any illegitimate demonstration or exclusion of any accomplice acting over the span of the business or with power of co-accomplices. Any misfortune or injury is caused to individual which isn't an accomplice. The firm is at risk to a similar degree as the accomplice submitting an inappropriate. This obligation is mutually and a few. 2) In HAMLYN V HOUSTON and Co [1905] a firm was subject to remunerate a petitioner where one of the accomplices had paid off an agent utilized by the inquirer so as to get data about a rival’s business. 3) The firm will be vicariously subject for the torts submitted by its representatives over the span of their business. 4) Lloyd V Grace, Smith and Co [1912]. Focal points of association: Uphold of capital, being mindful, share aptitude, share assets, share benefit and adaptability. Inconveniences of association: Conflict, mutually and severally risk, sharing obligation/misfortune. Contrasts: 1) An organization is a kind of partnership, enlisted under organization enactment. Organization act 2006. The individuals from the organization may have constrained risk. The company’s obligation has a place with the organization not the investors, regardless of whether the organization is ruined. 2) An organization is ‘the relationship which remains alive between people conveying a business so as to benefit. ’ S 1 Partnership act 1890. It’s a unincorporated affiliation, having no different lawful character from the accomplices. It might have firm’s name however not corporate status. Accomplices are answerable for the demonstrations of the firm. Accomplices have boundless obligation and liable for partnership’s obligation. 3) LLP is enlisted at the companies’ house and got an authentication of fuse. LLP is corporate bodies having separate character from their individuals. LLP is by and by subject to the outsider for unjust acts and may be obligated in the indebtedness. They are charge as organization, adaptable, tradin

Reasons Behind the Rise in Heroin Use

Reasons Behind the Rise in Heroin Use Addiction Drug Use Heroin Print Reasons Behind the Rise in Heroin Use By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 18, 2019 copy Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Heroin Cocaine Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery There is little doubt that heroin use is making a comeback in the United States given the increase in the number of seizures of the illegal drug at U.S. borders and the rapid increase in overdose deaths reported throughout the country. The difference now is heroin use is not limited to the dark corners and back alleys of urban America, its finding its way into rural back roads, suburban streets, and high-end apartments in New York City, cutting across all demographic groups. The Reach of Heroin Almost daily, news articles from law enforcement and health officials across the nation report sharp local increases in heroin overdose deaths. In Vermont, Gov. Pete Shumlin devoted his entire 2014 annual address to the legislature to what he called the heroin crisis in the state. The current prevalence and reach of heroin use in society were  seen in the death of Academy Award-winning actor Philip Seymour Hoffman, who was found dead with a needle in his arm and 70 bags of heroin in his $10,000-a-month New York apartment. Heroin FAQ Heroin Use Increases Sharply According to data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), heroin use rose sharply for people ages 12 to 49 between 2007 and 2011. However, the trend appears to be reversing for first-time use, even as the numbers of those addicted climb. Past-month heroin users rose from 373,000 in 2007 to 620,000 in 2011, but declined to 435,000 in 2014 and 329,000 in 2015.Those addicted to heroin increased from 179,000 in 2005 to 369,000 in 2011 and to 591,000 in 2015.First-time heroin users jumped from 106,000 in 2005 to 212,000 in 2014 but declined to 135,000 in 2015.The age of initiation of heroin use trended toward younger ages from 2005 to 2010 but reversed and by 2014 was at an older age than ever at 29.6 years old.A positive trend is that more users who inject heroin are seeking treatment, increasing from 26% in 2003 to 46% in 2013. The vast majority have no wait or only a one-week wait to enter treatment in 2013. Heroin Overdose Deaths Increasing The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration developed its 2016 National Drug Threat Assessment Summary using data from more than a thousand state and local law enforcement agencies. According to the DEAs report, deaths attributed to heroin overdose rose sharply from 1,879 in 2004 to 10,574 deaths in 2014. The DEA attributed the increase in deaths from heroin overdose to three factors: the availability of high-purity heroin, people abusing prescriptions turning to heroin, and people using heroin for the first time at a younger age. Availability of High-Purity Heroin Law Enforcement officials in every area where an increase of heroin overdose deaths has been seen  also reported an increase of high-purity heroin available at the street level. Southwest border seizures of heroin increased 352% from 2008 to 2015, according to the DEA. Officials believe the increase in higher purity heroin into the U.S. is coming from Mexico and South America, expanding into areas of the country used to a less-pure form of the drug.   The Different Types of Heroin Prescription Drug Abusers Switching to Heroin The crackdown by federal and state authorities on the prescription drug abuse epidemic had some unintended consequences. The focus on shutting down pill mills and doctor shopping made prescription drugs like OxyContin more difficult to get and more expensive. Consequently, many former pain pill abusers turned to heroin instead because it was readily available and less expensive. According to SAMHSA, people who previously used prescription pain pills non-medically were 19 times more likely to initiate heroin use than non-prescription abusers. In fact, SAMHSAs 2013 report showed that almost four out of five (79.5%) of new heroin users previously abused prescription pain relievers. Law enforcement and treatment officials likewise report that a majority of heroin users they encounter previously abused prescription opioids. Can Prescription Abuse Lead to Heroin Use? New Heroin Users Were Younger Another factor DEA officials think contributes to heroin overdose deaths is that more people were using the drug at a younger age. The average age of first use of heroin dropped significantly from 2007 to 2010, reaching a low of 21.4 years. However, that trend reversed and the age of initiation climbed back to 29.6 years in 2014. Overdose deaths could be attributed, in part, to the fact that many young people are also  binge drinkers. The combination can be a deadly one. What Is the Danger? There are two main dangers in using heroin: it is highly addictive and it has a high risk of accidental overdose. Unlike prescription drugs, heroin purity and dosage amounts can vary widely. Basically, the heroin user never really knows what level of dosage they may be taking. If someone is used to using a form of heroin that has been heavily cut or stepped on by mixing it with other ingredients and they suddenly find themselves with a batch of pure heroin, the consequences can be fatal. The Health Effects of Heroin Combined With Other Drugs Sometimes heroin dealers mix the drug with other substances. For example, a batch of heroin sold in bags marked Theraflu, Bad Ice, or Income Tax was mixed with the potent painkiller fentanyl and was blamed for 22 overdose deaths in the Pittsburgh area, proving again that heroin users never know what they are getting. Also, heroin is the most commonly found illicit substance involved in accidental alcohol and/or drug intoxication deaths. Drinking alcohol with any opioid is highly dangerous because both are central nervous system depressants that can combine to stop the users breathing. The DEA is working to address this by increasing the awareness among practitioners and pharmacists of the heroin and prescription drug problem. Heroin: Everything You’ve Been Afraid to Ask

The Generation Of Offset Curves - 1052 Words

Introduction Metalworking is one of the oldest occupations of humankind. At the beginning of last century metalworking machine tools were invented and these were controlled by an operator who performed all the movements of the tool in order to obtain the final parts. Nowadays, metalworking using machine tools is one of the most important activities to support industries development and the most important of these industries is the automotive industry. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the generation of offset curves, considering both naive approaches and more sophisticated approaches such as the Voronoi diagram. The paper starts by explaining some basic concepts of offset machining, insisting on the most important types of compensation. The next section includes a discussion on different ways of representing curves in a computer program, starting with two-dimensional curves and ending with non-uniform rational B-spline curves (NURBS). The basics of offset machining Definition 1.1 A Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine is a machine tool that uses programmed commands (alphanumeric codes) to control its movements and functions. The applications of CNC machines include drill press, sheet-metal press, milling machine, laser, grinding, welding machine etc. The most fundamental operation that can be performed with a CNC machine is to remove all the material that lies within some boundary. A CNC machine makes use of mathematics and various coordinate systems toShow MoreRelatedBusiness Proposal1500 Words   |  6 Pagesdesigned exclusively for the baby boomer (â€Å"Boomer†) generation. There are â€Å"senior friendly† computers available from most of the major manufacturers, but none make a full commitment to â€Å"senior only† features. The market for computers designed to meet the unique needs of senior citizens, the oldest boomers, is a wide open field with little competition. 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In the field of oil production, an area in which the production of Kuwait and the first semi-only, it is a source of state income. Increased production offset by increased income, and vice versa if the fall production of exports less than at least the states income which affects the national income. Different schools of economists define production and consumption differently. According to mainstreamRead MoreMacroeconomics: How the IS-lM Model Can Help UKs Economy1905 Words   |  8 Pagesthe UKs economy. It also highlights the usefulness and effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy in influencing economic growth (Krugman, 2011). Figure showing IS-LM interaction Figure 11 3 monetary accommodation prevents crowding out. the ad curve shifts outward by the full amount. For the UK the economy can be is the government stops emphasizing the need for non-indulgence and hard times. It should resist from trying to talk about the recession and deploy the necessary fiscal and monetary

Women s Rights Of Women - 1272 Words

Throughout history, women have fought a strenuous battle for equal rights. Many men, and even some women, all over the world believe that women do not share the same value and importance to society as men do. On September 5, 1995, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 4th World Conference on Women, on behalf of women all over the world. Clinton raised awareness on how women s rights are being violated and why it is important to recognize women s rights as equal to everyone else’s rights. Even today, in 2016, the words Clinton in 1995 spoke still impact the world. Hillary Clinton, a powerful, credible woman, touched the world by explaining the mental, and physical hardships that many women face every day, and how addressing this problem will†¦show more content†¦Women have a hard time supporting their families, when they are sick with disease that are preventable, have very little income, and have minimal schooling. Clinton argues how this affects families, communities and eve n the nation. While some women fights to gain access to things that will help their families live a better life, other women are having their rights violated in appalling ways. Secondly, Clinton voiced how all around the world, in South Africa, Indonesia, America and many other countries, women have to bare many violent acts everyday. Clinton’s speech shocked us with the reality of the abuse and violence women have to face daily. Many women are being abused and raped in their own homes and communities. Violence is one of the leading causes of death for women ages 14-44 (Clinton). Unfortunately, the majority of the perpetrator’s are their own husband, relative’s, and neighbors, people they know and trust. Many women have to live in fear of their communities because of these events. Clinton also brought attention to the reality of rape of women in wars. In many wars, women have been subjected to rape as a tactic to make these men seem more powerful. The rape of wo men weakens the home and towns they live in. Hillary Clinton’s speech is remarkable not only because of the unbelievable reality women endure, but also because of her credibility. She was able to deliver such an exceptional speech because of her

Contingency Approach to Management in Business Free Essays

Contingency Approach to Management Published on March 20, 2007 by NIKMAHAJAN in Business and Society Comments (26)|39 Liked It The contingency approach believes that it is impossible to select one way of managing that works best in all situations like promoted by Taylor. The contingency approach believes that it is impossible to select one way of managing that works best in all situations like promoted by Taylor.Their approach is to identify the conditions of a task (scientific management school), managerial job (administrative management school) and person (human relations school) as parts of a complete management situation and attempt to integrate them all into a solution which is most appropriate for a specific circumstance. We will write a custom essay sample on Contingency Approach to Management in Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Contingency refers to the immediate (contingent or touching) circumstances. The manager has to systematically try to identify which technique or approach will be the best solution for a problem which exists in a particular circumstance or context.An example of this is the never ending problem of increasing productivity. The different experts would offer the following solutions: Behavioral scientist: create a climate which is psychologically motivating; Classical management approach: create a new incentive scheme; Contingency approach: both ideas are viable and it depends on the possible fit of each solution with the goals, structure and resources of the organization. . The contingency approach may consider, for policy reasons, that an incentive scheme was not relevant. The complexity of each situation should be noted and decisions made in each individual circumstance. Read more in Business and Society  « Management Science SchoolBooming Opportunity  » It should be realized that the contingency approach is not really new because Taylor already emphasized the importance of choosing the general type of management best suited to a particular case. Henri Fayol, in turn, also found that there is nothing rigid or absolute in management affairs. Similar ideas were expressed in the 1920s, by Mary Parker Follett (1865-1933) who was greatly interested in social work and was a genius for relating individual experience to general principles.Her concept of the law of the situation referred to the necessity of acting in accordance with the specific requirements of a given situation. She noted that these requirements were constantly changing and needed continuous efforts to maintain effective working relationships. The contingency approach seeks to apply to real life situations ideas drawn from various schools of management thought. They claim that no one app roach is universally applicable and different problems and situations require different approaches. Managers must try to find the approach that is the best for them in a certain given situation, so they can achieve their goals.It is important to note that the contingency approach stresses the need for managers to examine the relationship between the internal and external environment of an organization. Critics of the contingency approach have blamed it to lack theoretical foundation and are basically intuitive. Managers today are advised to analyze a situation and use ideas from the various schools of thought to find an appropriate combination of management techniques to meet the needs of the situation.Read more: http://bizcovering. com/business-and-society/contingency-approach-to-management/#ixzz17zRjciE2 How to cite Contingency Approach to Management in Business, Papers

Wild Bill Kickok Essays - American Folklore, Tall Tales,

Wild Bill Kickok 1. Character vs. character Wild Bill vs. Dave McCanles - David McCanles employed Bill and always bullied other people. Dave had tried many times to get Bill to fight him. A man named Horace Wellman owed Dave some money but did not have any way of repaying McCanles. One day, after Horace had come back from trying to get some money at a larger town, McCanles and two others arrived at Wellman's house, where Bill was staying. McCanles called Wellman out, but instead, got shot by Bill. The other two fled, Bill dropping one dead, and fatally injuring another, that was later found dead on a river bank. Bill was cleared of the shootings. Solution: Fight McCanles face to face. Character vs. character Wild Bill vs. Dave Tutt - Dave Tutt was a man constantly bullying weaker men, and wanted a reputation by killing Wild Bill. Tutt stole Bill's watch that he had gotten from his father. Bill met Tutt at the town square, where Tutt was shot dead. Bill was found not guilty seeing that Tutt had antagonized him for so long. Solution: Kill Tutt for stealing his watch. Character vs. Nature Wild Bill vs. the wolves - One night, when Bill was in his early teens, Bill faced a pack of wolves attacking his livestock outside of his home. Bill killed two wolves before the rest of the pack fled. Solution: Shoot a few wolves and scare the others away. Character vs. Society Wild Bill vs. New York - Bill's old friend, Will Cody a.k.a. Buffalo Bill, asked Wild Bill to come to New York and perform in his wild west show. Bill did not like New York and hated performing because he thought he looked stupid. After a hard time given to him by the owner and Buffalo Bill, Wild Bill walked out on the show returning for the plains. Solution: Leave the show and do what you want to do. 2. Wild Bill Kickok - smart, rugged, quick, strong, adventurous, stands up for whet is right. Buffalo Bill - helpful,celebrity, loves being the center of attention. Agnes Lake - beautiful, smart, caring. I can relate to Wild Bill because he always stands up for those in need or in trouble. I'd like to meet Wild Bill and Buffalo Bill because they were big figures that helped shape the west. Wild Bill and Buffalo Bill would probably be my friends because they never really hated anyone unless they wanted them dead, and I wouldn't want to be in a duel against either of them. 3. After reading this book, I know a little bit more about how the west was settled. What I liked about it was how Bill always ended up in something famous like the Civil War, Underground Railroad, Sante Fe and Oregon Trails, and the War with the Indians. The only part I disliked was the fact Bill was shot in the back. The life of Wild Bill reminded me of Forrest Gump. He didn't go around looking to be famous and always ended up in crucial situations that had great effects on the course of history. 4. At the end of the book, Charlie Utter said, "You saved many, many more lives than those claimed by your deadly six-shooters. Yours was a job well done." To me it shows that just a few shots saved more lives and settled more land than a war would do for the same cause. I think the author means an extraordinary job was done by an extraordinary man that any other man would've failed. 5. This book relates to today in such a good way. It shows that one man can do things to change so many peoples lives by doing so little. A good lesson to learn from this book is that no matter how high the odds are against you, you should always fight to accomplish your dream. 6. This book is hard to believe because of one man doing so many things that had an affect on history. The twists that got me were when he'd move to another part of the plains and something happened to him there. I just that over the course of so many years the things he had done had been multiplied a couple times beyond what really happened. 7. This book has made me think a lot more about the individuals that helped settle the west more than the type of people that settled the west. It showed

Free Essays on Mau-mau

The Mau-Mau Rebellion (1952 to 1959) Mau Mau rebellion certainly reveals aspects of the history of British imperialism in Africa previously hidden from view. Some historians describe the participants in the uprising as a "gang of freedom fighters called ‘Mau Mau', who vowed to free Kenya from colonialism at any cost....To the British, the uprising was such an outrageous attack on colonialism, that it justified any response, and that response when it came, would be brutal and shocking." Kenya before the uprising, was full of Europeans living a life of idle luxury based on African land and labour. But in the post-Second World War era, resentment against colonial rule increased and one by one, African countries demanded self-rule. John Maina Kahihu from the Mau Mau's political wing said, "In 1942 we had fought for the British. But when we came home from the war they gave us nothing." The fiercest opposition to the colonial authorities came from the Kikuyu tribe who, 50 years earlier, had been evicted from their traditional areas to make way for the European farmers. By the end of the Second World War, 3,000 European settlers owned 43,000 square kilometres of the most fertile land, only 6 percent of which they cultivated. The African population of 5.25 million occupied, without ownership rights, less than 135,000 square kilometres of the poorest land. On the "native reserves" much of the land was unsuitable for agriculture. The poor peasants had been forced to abandon their traditional methods of extensive agriculture and did not have access to the new technology that would make intensive agriculture viable. The population could not feed itself and the peasants were desperate. This brought about the formation of a secret society amongst the Kikuyu, Kenya's largest tribe, one-fifth of the population. It was called the Land Freedom Army (LFA). It was forcing Kikuyu to swear an oath to take back the land the white man had stolen... Free Essays on Mau-mau Free Essays on Mau-mau The Mau-Mau Rebellion (1952 to 1959) Mau Mau rebellion certainly reveals aspects of the history of British imperialism in Africa previously hidden from view. Some historians describe the participants in the uprising as a "gang of freedom fighters called ‘Mau Mau', who vowed to free Kenya from colonialism at any cost....To the British, the uprising was such an outrageous attack on colonialism, that it justified any response, and that response when it came, would be brutal and shocking." Kenya before the uprising, was full of Europeans living a life of idle luxury based on African land and labour. But in the post-Second World War era, resentment against colonial rule increased and one by one, African countries demanded self-rule. John Maina Kahihu from the Mau Mau's political wing said, "In 1942 we had fought for the British. But when we came home from the war they gave us nothing." The fiercest opposition to the colonial authorities came from the Kikuyu tribe who, 50 years earlier, had been evicted from their traditional areas to make way for the European farmers. By the end of the Second World War, 3,000 European settlers owned 43,000 square kilometres of the most fertile land, only 6 percent of which they cultivated. The African population of 5.25 million occupied, without ownership rights, less than 135,000 square kilometres of the poorest land. On the "native reserves" much of the land was unsuitable for agriculture. The poor peasants had been forced to abandon their traditional methods of extensive agriculture and did not have access to the new technology that would make intensive agriculture viable. The population could not feed itself and the peasants were desperate. This brought about the formation of a secret society amongst the Kikuyu, Kenya's largest tribe, one-fifth of the population. It was called the Land Freedom Army (LFA). It was forcing Kikuyu to swear an oath to take back the land the white man had stolen...

The Prefix Co-

The Prefix Co- The Prefix Co- The Prefix Co- By Mark Nichol If you’re the betting type, and you wager on whether a given word beginning with a prefix is attached directly to the root word or linked with a hyphen, bet against the hyphen: The trend- in American English, at least- is to close prefixed words and compound words. However, you won’t always win, because there are exceptions, even among words beginning with a particular prefix. Take the prefix co-, for example. Using the Merriam-Webster’s website as the authority, we can see that virtually every word beginning with the prefix is closed. Exceptions include most words in which the root word begins with o, including co-official, co-organizer, and co-owner. Co-op takes a hyphen when it serves as an abbreviation for cooperative, even though the full term is not hyphenated- though it, like many other words containing prefixes, once was. (However, the unrelated term coop, referring to a shelter for birds or other animals, has no hyphen.) In British English, which is generally more conservative about orthography and word treatment, the correct form is co-operative (and co-operate and co-operation). Co-opt, however, is standard in both dominant forms of English. An all-but-obsolete treatment of such words to signal that the o’s are separated by a syllabic break- this style quaintly persists in the pages of the New Yorker- is the inclusion of a diaresis (two dots) over the second instance. Avoid attempting to attach the prefix to a phrase, as in â€Å"co-personal assistant,† which fails because it describes an assistant who is co-personal, not a personal assistant who shares responsibility with another person holding that title. A natural solution is to employ a slightly sturdier en dash in place of the hyphen to convey the prefix’s relationship to the entire phrase, not just the first word (equivalent to the stronger symbol’s usage in such phrases as â€Å"pre–Industrial Revolution†), but this strategy is not standard; instead, merely substitute co- with fellow. Finally, avoid the prefix altogether if it is always redundant, as in copartner, and consider doing so if, in context, it is often so, as in co-conspirator. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Beautiful and Ugly WordsWhat is the Difference Between Metaphor and Simile?Drama vs. Melodrama

Modern China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modern China - Essay Example When Europeans and Americans started to recognize the Chinese people, the traditional intellectual Chinese started to take part in the political and economic systems of China. The most significant evidence was that Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing rule and established the Republic of China. 2.What are your ideologies? Why are they suitable for 1905s China and better than your rivals? My ideologies are about reforms. Being a reformer in Chinas 1905s during the Qing dynasty would mean overcoming the bureaucratic structures of the government. As a reformer, I would recommend and implement various reforms in the military, administrative, and fiscal systems to eliminate bureaucracies and encourage coordination and representation in all decision-making activities of the government. Like in the Boxer Protocol, reforms would include improvement in the tax systems, subsidies, and benefits offered by the government. The tax reforms would include enforcement and collection of land taxes to reduce inefficiencies and conflicts in the lenient approach of landowning. The revenue received from taxation would be used to improve various sectors of the economy including irrigation, roads, schools, and charities and benefits to needy members of the society such as old people and people living with disabilities. There should also be reforms in the electoral system in which the people would have more power and independence to choose their leaders. The reforms also involved changes in the legal code and abolition of the examination system.

Determinism,compatibilism, and libertarianism Essay

Determinism,compatibilism, and libertarianism - Essay Example Since the beginnings of human civilization people have been seeking the ideal path to achieving a productive, successful, healthy, and happy society. There are several different theories conceived and developed aimed at achieving it. Unfortunately, many of these ideas are not remotely in agreement and some downright contradict one another. Each one claiming to have the answer as to the nature of mankind, why human beings behave as they do, and how best for them to live within and perceive society. Determinism, compatibilism, and libertarianism are three prime examples of philosophical concepts, each having strong historical support and criticisms. While each ideology has logical arguments supporting its validity they, also, have internal flaws that may lead to negative outcomes; therefore determining which, if any, is the most likely to be the best, or correct, answer to ideal human society and perspective on human reality if no easy feat. What is free will? If so, does it exist? The answer is not as simple as you think. If you define free will as being the idea that reality plays out according to the millions of individual choices and decisions we make based on wants and desires, both, great and small, then the ideology behind Determinism may not be for you. However, if you believe that scientific principles, psychological motivators, and persistent causative events outside ones’ control and force every choice that you make; even the sense of choice is, essentially, a false perception, then you would be a poor libertarian. If you believe that, although many causative events play a part in influencing our decisions and behaviors, but, on occasion those causative elements are absent, allowing for certain choices to be made solely by want and desire beyond needs and if you believe that perhaps both could coexist, then you might fit in nicely in the company of compatibilists. However, do not look for support from the determinists and libertarians, both cons ider the idea of coexistence as illogical, not plausible, and impossible. (Pecorino, 2000) In order to understand, determinism, capatibilism, and libertarianism better, as well as, assess the differing strengths and weaknesses, it is necessary to discuss and review each theory individually. Determinism in its, most basic form, can be defined as a belief system that adheres to the ideology that all things in nature are subject to the cause and effect principal, human behavior included. For this reason human beings are not responsible for their behavior because the actions and behaviors exhibited by people are directly a response to causal or set of causal events, entirely outside their control. More so, determinists believe that all things follow the natural law and that behaviors can, in fact, be predicted, if enough causal variables are known.(Pecorino, 2000) Simply put, determinists look at the world at given period in time and apply the â€Å"natural laws,† or clearly defi ned understanding of what is true, and then relating that to what will inevitably be in the future.(Newall, 2005)There are 4 specific factors that are believed to play a huge role as causative factors in the actions and behaviors of human beings; 1. Human Nature: determinists claim that human beings are subject to the instincts and biological imperatives outside of their conscious control. 2. Environment: human behavior can be attributed to their response to environmental factors that, essentially, forcing their hand. 3. Psychological Forces: Not unlike human nature, psychological drives influence behavior, again, outside one’s control. 4. Social Dynamic: human beings are directly subject to the rules, laws, and societal constructs of their communities, which, also, influences human behavior. Ultimately, the overall reigning element of determinism that characterizes and creates criticism of it is that it holds firmly that human free will is an illusion that we

The Interdependence and Indivisibility of Human Rights :: Government

The Interdependence and Indivisibility of Human Rights ABSTRACT: This paper defends the claim that the contemporary canon of human rights forms an indivisible and interdependent system of norms against both "Western" and "Asian" critics who have asserted exceptionalist or selectivist counterclaims. After providing a formal definition of human rights, I argue that the set of particular human rights that comprises the contemporary canon represents an ethical-legal paradigm which functions as an implicit theory of human oppression. On this view, human rights originate as normative responses to particular historical experiences of oppression. Since historically known experiences of oppression have resulted from practices that function as parts of systems of domination, normative responses to these practices have sought to disarm and dismantle such systems by depriving potential oppressors of the techniques which enable them to maintain their domination. Therefore, human rights norms form a systematic and interdependent whole because only as parts of a system can they function as effective means for combatting oppression and domination. Representatives of the human rights movement claim that the contemporary canon of human rights forms a indivisible and interdependent system of norms so that it is improper for governments to pick and choose among human rights those which they will honor while interpreting other human rights as optional, dispensable, non-obligatory, or even as "unreal." But the notion of the indivisibility of human rights has come under attack in recent years by some Asian governments which have claimed that the contemporary canon of human rights represents "Western values" which are in many respects inconsistent with "Asian values." At the same time, some Western governments, in particular the United States of America, have failed to ratify several of the covenants dealing with economic, social, and cultural rights, claiming that the rights represented in these instruments are merely "aspirational." The contemporary canon of human rights refers to the entire set of internationally recognized human rights declarations and conventions, beginning with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and including all of the subsequently drafted and enacted international human rights instruments, such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, the Declaration on the Right to Development, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and several dozens of other international documents which identify and codify human rights norms. Given that each of these documents contain several dozen articles, many of which describe several, complex rights, all together there are probably well over one hundred things that can be identified as "human rights" based on the canon.

Indo European Migrations

Indo-European pp Migrations pp 42-45 (period 8 pp 54-57) ben hiatt per. 1 9/4/12 1. Linguists noticed that certain language were related called them Indo- European. List the major subgroups of this family of languages. The major subgroups of this family of languages is hindi, farsi and most European languages. 2. Where was the original homeland of the Indo European speakers? The original home land of the indo European speakers is probably the steppe region of modern day Ukraine 3. How did the domestication of horses facilitate the lives of the Indo-Europeans? think migration)it was easier to migrate on horses than to walk on foot. 4. Describe the migration of the I-A’s from 3000BCE to 1000CE. The earliest indo European society began to break up around 3000 bce, and continued the migrations until about 1000 ce. 5. Discuss thoroughly the Hittites. The hitties built a powerful kingdom and establishes a close relationship with the Mesopotamians. They were responsible for light and horse drawn war carriages. 6. Discuss the the two technological innovations of the Hittites.The two technological things the hitties made were light and horse drawn war carriges. Both of which greatly strengthened their society and influenced other peoples societys too. 7. Discuss the eastern migration of the Indo-Aryans. While the hitties were building their empire in Anatolia some indo Europeans were migrating east to central asia. 8. Discuss the Western migrations of the Indo-Aryans. This move west took the indo Aryans west into greeceafter 2200 bce. 9. Discuss the Southern migrations. Another wave of migrations established some indo Europeans in the presence of iran and india.

Ap World Compare and Contrast Essay - 618 Words

During the years 1200 to 1500 CE, two ideal empires, Mali of Sub – Saharan Africa and the Aztecs of the Americas developed into truly influential and powerful empires. Both empires shared a similarity in economy but a different society. The Mali and Aztecs both traded, but while Mali traded with Islamic regions developing Islamic institutions within its borders, the Aztecs traded locally consequently not being influenced by outside cultures. Both Empires differed in society in which women in Mali tended to have more rights than women in an Aztec society whom they had little to no role in their society. Also social structure of both societies varied in which Mali had extended families and clans serve as the main foundation of their social†¦show more content†¦Women of Aztec society played almost no role in the political affairs of a society. Women were not able to inherit property or hold high officials as the women of the Mali were able to do. Extended families and clans served as the main foundation of social and economic organization in Mali society. The male heads of the families governed the village and organized the work of their own groups. The aspect of family was well intertwined with authority. Thus most villagers functioned in society firsts as members of a family or a clan. Although families were the main foundation of the social classes in Mali society, in Aztec it was much different. Aztec society was rigidly hierarchical, with public honors and rewards going to the military elite. The military elite were the main authority of social organization in the Aztec society. As a result families were the main aspect of social structure in Mali society while military elites were the main social aspect in Aztec society. Therefore, both Mali and Aztec Empires benefited from trade but they received different responses from it. Mali was introduced to Islam from trade because of trading to other societies. 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