Modern China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modern China - Essay Example When Europeans and Americans started to recognize the Chinese people, the traditional intellectual Chinese started to take part in the political and economic systems of China. The most significant evidence was that Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing rule and established the Republic of China. 2.What are your ideologies? Why are they suitable for 1905s China and better than your rivals? My ideologies are about reforms. Being a reformer in Chinas 1905s during the Qing dynasty would mean overcoming the bureaucratic structures of the government. As a reformer, I would recommend and implement various reforms in the military, administrative, and fiscal systems to eliminate bureaucracies and encourage coordination and representation in all decision-making activities of the government. Like in the Boxer Protocol, reforms would include improvement in the tax systems, subsidies, and benefits offered by the government. The tax reforms would include enforcement and collection of land taxes to reduce inefficiencies and conflicts in the lenient approach of landowning. The revenue received from taxation would be used to improve various sectors of the economy including irrigation, roads, schools, and charities and benefits to needy members of the society such as old people and people living with disabilities. There should also be reforms in the electoral system in which the people would have more power and independence to choose their leaders. The reforms also involved changes in the legal code and abolition of the examination system.

Determinism,compatibilism, and libertarianism Essay

Determinism,compatibilism, and libertarianism - Essay Example Since the beginnings of human civilization people have been seeking the ideal path to achieving a productive, successful, healthy, and happy society. There are several different theories conceived and developed aimed at achieving it. Unfortunately, many of these ideas are not remotely in agreement and some downright contradict one another. Each one claiming to have the answer as to the nature of mankind, why human beings behave as they do, and how best for them to live within and perceive society. Determinism, compatibilism, and libertarianism are three prime examples of philosophical concepts, each having strong historical support and criticisms. While each ideology has logical arguments supporting its validity they, also, have internal flaws that may lead to negative outcomes; therefore determining which, if any, is the most likely to be the best, or correct, answer to ideal human society and perspective on human reality if no easy feat. What is free will? If so, does it exist? The answer is not as simple as you think. If you define free will as being the idea that reality plays out according to the millions of individual choices and decisions we make based on wants and desires, both, great and small, then the ideology behind Determinism may not be for you. However, if you believe that scientific principles, psychological motivators, and persistent causative events outside ones’ control and force every choice that you make; even the sense of choice is, essentially, a false perception, then you would be a poor libertarian. If you believe that, although many causative events play a part in influencing our decisions and behaviors, but, on occasion those causative elements are absent, allowing for certain choices to be made solely by want and desire beyond needs and if you believe that perhaps both could coexist, then you might fit in nicely in the company of compatibilists. However, do not look for support from the determinists and libertarians, both cons ider the idea of coexistence as illogical, not plausible, and impossible. (Pecorino, 2000) In order to understand, determinism, capatibilism, and libertarianism better, as well as, assess the differing strengths and weaknesses, it is necessary to discuss and review each theory individually. Determinism in its, most basic form, can be defined as a belief system that adheres to the ideology that all things in nature are subject to the cause and effect principal, human behavior included. For this reason human beings are not responsible for their behavior because the actions and behaviors exhibited by people are directly a response to causal or set of causal events, entirely outside their control. More so, determinists believe that all things follow the natural law and that behaviors can, in fact, be predicted, if enough causal variables are known.(Pecorino, 2000) Simply put, determinists look at the world at given period in time and apply the â€Å"natural laws,† or clearly defi ned understanding of what is true, and then relating that to what will inevitably be in the future.(Newall, 2005)There are 4 specific factors that are believed to play a huge role as causative factors in the actions and behaviors of human beings; 1. Human Nature: determinists claim that human beings are subject to the instincts and biological imperatives outside of their conscious control. 2. Environment: human behavior can be attributed to their response to environmental factors that, essentially, forcing their hand. 3. Psychological Forces: Not unlike human nature, psychological drives influence behavior, again, outside one’s control. 4. Social Dynamic: human beings are directly subject to the rules, laws, and societal constructs of their communities, which, also, influences human behavior. Ultimately, the overall reigning element of determinism that characterizes and creates criticism of it is that it holds firmly that human free will is an illusion that we